In a large bowl, mix warm water, sugar, and yeast. Let it sit 5–10 minutes until it bubbles. If nothing happens, your yeast is probably shy—start over.
Stir in flour, salt, and olive oil (if using). Mix until a shaggy dough forms. Don’t overthink it; you’re aiming for a cohesive mass, not a sculpture.
Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface. Knead briefly—about 5 minutes—until it’s smooth. If it sticks, sprinkle a bit more flour; if it’s dry, splash in a little water.
Shape into a ball and place in a lightly oiled bowl. Cover with a clean towel and let rise in a warm spot for 1 hour, or until doubled in size.
Punch down the dough gently, shape into a round loaf, and place on a parchment-lined sheet or in a greased loaf pan. Let rise again for 30–40 minutes.
Preheat oven to 425°F (220°C). If you have a Dutch oven, preheat it too. Bake 25–30 minutes, until the crust is golden and the loaf sounds hollow when tapped.
Let cool on a rack for at least 15 minutes before slicing. Patience is delicious, I promise.